Understanding Measles in Virginia
As of March 15, 2025, the United States has reported over 300 confirmed measles cases, including a case in Washington DC. While Virginia measles cases remain unconfirmed, the rapid spread of the disease underscores the importance of MMR vaccine availability, prevention measures, and early detection.
Before the introduction of the measles vaccination program in 1963, the United States experienced significant morbidity and mortality due to measles. Annually, approximately 3 to 4 million people were infected, with about 500,000 cases reported. Among these reported cases, there were 400 to 500 deaths, 48,000 hospitalizations, and 1,000 instances of encephalitis (brain swelling).
What Are the Symptoms of Measles?
Measles is a highly contagious viral illness that can lead to severe complications. Symptoms typically appear 7-14 days after exposure and include:
- High fever (above 101°F)
- Persistent cough
- Runny nose (coryza)
- Red, watery eyes (conjunctivitis)
- Rash that begins at the hairline and spreads downward
In some cases, complications such as ear infections, pneumonia, and encephalitis (brain inflammation) may occur. If you or a family member experience these symptoms, contact a healthcare provider immediately.
How Does Measles Spread?
Measles is one of the most contagious diseases in the world. It spreads through respiratory droplets when an infected person coughs or sneezes. The virus can remain in the air and on surfaces for up to two hours after an infected individual leaves an area.
A person infected with measles can transmit the virus up to four days before and after the rash appears. According to the Virginia Department of Health measles updates, 90% of unvaccinated individuals exposed to the virus will become infected.
How Effective Is the MMR Vaccine?
The Measles, Mumps, and Rubella (MMR) vaccine is the most effective way to prevent measles:
- One dose: 93% effective at preventing measles
- Two doses: 97% effective
The CDC recommends that children receive the first dose at 12-15 months and the second dose at 4-6 years. Unvaccinated adults should also receive at least one dose. Vaccination not only protects individuals but also helps prevent outbreaks.
Where Can I Get the MMR Vaccine in Charlottesville?
Several healthcare providers in Central Virginia offer the MMR vaccine:
- Blue Ridge Health District Immunization Clinics: Blue Ridge Health District
- Pediatric Associates of Charlottesville: Charlottesville Pediatric Associates
- University of Virginia Health System: UVA Health Measles Information
- CVS and Walgreens Pharmacy: Walk-in vaccinations available
How Can I Protect My Baby From Measles?
The experts at Sentara Martha Jefferson have created a guide to understanding measles specifically for families with babies. Their advice is the best way to protect your family from measles is to ensure that all children and adults in your household are up to date on their vaccinations, including the measles, mumps and rubella (MMR) vaccine.
Of all people, infants are at the highest risk of serious illness, hospitalization and death from measles. Unless there’s an outbreak in their communities, babies can’t receive their first MMR vaccine until 12-15 months. So they rely on others around them to be vaccinated.
What Should I Do If I or Someone in My Family Shows Symptoms?
If you suspect measles infection:
- Stay Home & Isolate: Avoid contact with others to prevent spreading the virus.
- Call a Healthcare Provider: Notify your doctor before visiting so they can take precautions.
- Report to Health Authorities: Contact the Blue Ridge Health District to assist in monitoring cases.
- Virginia residents with additional questions about their potential exposure can call the Virginia Department Health at (804) 363-2704 or email [email protected].
Early diagnosis and isolation are critical in preventing further transmission.
Are There Any Recent Measles Cases in Charlottesville?
As of March 15, 2025, there are no confirmed measles cases in Charlottesville. However, a confirmed case was reported at Washington Dulles International Airport on March 5, 2025. Potential exposure sites include:
- Terminal A
- Main terminal transportation areas
- Baggage claim (4 PM – 9 PM)
Residents who traveled through these areas during that time should monitor symptoms until March 26, 2025. (VDH Measles Update)
As of March 6, 2025, a total of 222 measles cases have been reported by twelve U.S. jurisdictions this year: Alaska, California, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York City, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Texas, and Washington; 201 of which occurred in New Mexico and Texas. Most of the 222 cases are among children who had not received the MMR vaccine. There have been three outbreaks, with an outbreak defined as three or more related cases, reported in 2025, and 93% of cases are outbreak-associated. For comparison, 16 outbreaks were reported during 2024 and 69% of cases were outbreak-associated.
Preventing Measles Spread in Virginia
To reduce the risk of measles in Virginia, follow these key strategies:
- Get Vaccinated: Ensure all family members are up to date on MMR vaccine doses.
- Practice Good Hygiene: Wash hands frequently, cover coughs, and disinfect commonly touched surfaces.
- Stay Informed: Follow updates from University of Virginia measles research and the Virginia Department of Health.
- Limit Exposure: Avoid close contact with unvaccinated individuals in high-risk settings.
Measles at the University of Virginia.
The University of Virginia brings students from around the country and from around the world to learn. Dr. Christopher Holstege says, “All the students entering the University have to have proof they actually got vaccinated against measles. There are exemptions, and one of the exemptions that people have utilized is a religious exemption. Compliance at UVA is exceedingly high.”
Dr. Holstege is the executive director of Student Health and Wellness at the University of Virginia, chief of the division of medical toxicology and a professor of emergency medicine and pediatrics.
For the latest updates, visit the Virginia Department of Health and the CDC Measles Resource Center. Here you can find additional health information for Charlottesville parents.
CHARLOTTESVILLEFAMILY EDITORS are locals who care deeply about family and community. We are almost all parents who serve alongside our readers in the PTO and band boosters, coaching sports teams, helping with the school fun fair and more. Our insider perspective, combined with great research and expert input from our wonderful CharlottesvilleFamily Advisory Panel helps us to provide you with trustworthy advice as you raise the next generation of brilliant and compassionate kids.
